FFELP Loan Forgiveness Options for 2024

Despite the FFEL program ending in 2010, over nine million borrowers still owe $190.9 billion of FFEL student loan debt as of September 2023. Luckily, the most generous FFEL forgiveness program ever created is available for all FFEL borrowers until June 30, 2024. It's called the “IDR Waiver.”

Many borrowers with FFEL loans could see their entire balance forgiven under this program from the Biden administration. Other borrowers will get 10+ years closer to forgiveness. As you might know, FFEL loans do not normally qualify for many of the best government student loan programs, so you probably need to consolidate to benefit.

There are also FFEL loan forgiveness options outside of the temporary IDR Waiver. Here’s everything you need to know about FFELP loans, your repayment options, and your best options for receiving FFELP loan forgiveness.

Read our guide to FFEL loans below, and know that we can help you navigate your potential savings if you want.

What is an FFELP loan?

In reading this article, it would be helpful for you to know what kind of FFELP loans you have. Here are the two different types:

• Commercially-owned: If you were required to make payments during the pandemic payment pause from March 2020 to September 2023, you have commercially owned or commercially held FFEL loans. These are guaranteed by, but not owned by, the government.
• Department of Ed-owned: If you received 0% interest and were not asked for payments during the pandemic payment pause, you have Department of Education-owned FFELP loans. The government owns these loans.

The Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) was created as a student loan program backed by the federal government. It began as part of the Higher Education Act of 1965 and was officially launched in 1966. Through the program, private lenders provided student loans to students and parents backed by federal or nonprofit guaranty agencies. The government-mandated specific interest rate levels for all FFEL loans.

The terms “FFELP loans” and “FFEL loans” are often used interchangeably to refer to Federal Family Education Loan Program loans. There are four types of FFEL loans that were available to student loan borrowers during the program’s existence:

• Subsidized Stafford loans: Interest is paid by the government while students are in school and during periods of grace and deferment.
• Unsubsidized Stafford loans: Interest isn’t paid by the government at all.
• PLUS loans: Available to parents and grad students to help pay for education costs.
• Consolidation loans: Combines more than one student loan into one single loan.

Since 1966, over 60 million Americans have used FFEL to help pay for college expenses. The program was discontinued on July 1, 2010, and no FFELP loans have been made since.

ED-owned vs. commercial-owned FFELP loans

In response to the 2008 financial crisis, the Department of Education purchased some FFELP loans from private lenders to ease some of their liquidity concerns.

However, the government didn't purchase all of the FFEL loans. It effectively split FFEL loans into two camps: loans repurchased by the Department of Education (ED-owned FFEL loans) and those that were not (commercially-owned FFEL loans).

In 2010, the FFEL program was fully replaced by the federal Direct Loan program. This is the current student loan program run by the federal government. The main difference between these federal loans is that Direct Loans are funded by the U.S. Treasury directly instead of through private lenders.

FFELP loan forgiveness options

The good news is that you can qualify for FFELP loan forgiveness through a few options. Here are three programs worth looking into if you have large amounts of FFEL student loan debt.

Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF)

Public Service Loan Forgiveness may be an option for people with FFEL loans if those loans are consolidated into Direct Loans. Federal student loan borrowers pursuing PSLF can have any remaining student loan balance forgiven after 120 qualifying payments (which don’t have to be consecutive) while working full-time for a qualifying employer.

Please note that any previous payments made while loans were still under the FFEL program won't count toward the 120 qualifying payments under normal eligibility procedures. Borrowers would normally be starting from scratch after Direct Loan consolidation. To get approved for PSLF, you must be on a qualifying repayment plan, which includes these income-driven repayment (IDR) plans:

• Pay As You Earn (PAYE)
• Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE), formerly called REPAYE
• Income-Based Repayment (IBR)
• Income-Contingent Repayment (ICR)

The standard 10-year repayment plan also qualifies for PSLF. But if you’re on the standard repayment plan for the full 10 years, there will be very little or no debt left to forgive. To apply for PSLF, you must fill out the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Application for Forgiveness.

Editor's note: You can consolidate FFEL loans into Direct loans on studentaid.gov until June 30, 2024, and receive credit for all payments made prior to consolidation thanks to the IDR Waiver.

Teacher Loan Forgiveness

FEELP loans qualify for the Teacher Loan Forgiveness program “out of the box.” In other words, you don't have to take out a Direct Consolidation loan to become eligible for FFELP loan forgiveness.

The Teacher Loan Forgiveness program offers up to $17,500 of student loan forgiveness for highly qualified teachers who work full-time for five years at an elementary school, secondary school or educational service agency that serves low-income students. Unlike the PSLF program, the five years of service must take place consecutively.

To be considered a “highly qualified teacher,” you must teach mathematics, science or special education at one of the schools listed in the Teacher Cancellation Low Income (TCLI) Directory. If you're not a math, science or special education teacher, you could still receive up to $5,000 in loan forgiveness.

Forgiveness through income-driven repayment

The income-driven repayment plans mentioned above are another FFELP loan forgiveness option. Your remaining student loan debt can be forgiven in 20 or 25 years if you're on an IDR plan. This is a great loan forgiveness option if you don't qualify for PSLF or aren’t interested in working in a low-income area of need or nonprofit organization.

To repay student loans using PAYE, SAVE or ICR, you must consolidate your FFEL loans into a Direct Consolidation Loan. If you don't consolidate your FFEL loans, IBR is the only IDR option. With IBR, monthly payments will generally be 15% of your discretionary income but never more than payments under a 10-year Standard Repayment Plan. However, other IDR repayment options offer payments as low as 5% of your discretionary income.

The IRS views forgiven federal student loans in the IDR program as taxable income. However, the tax has been temporarily waived. Student debt discharged by the federal government will not be subject to federal income taxes until 2025.

Importantly, all FFEL borrowers can currently consolidate into a Direct Loan on the government's website and all prior payments will count towards IDR forgiveness. Since all FFEL loans are at least 12 years old, this will allow most borrowers to gain at least 12 years of repayment credit for forgiveness under an IDR plan.

As much as $211 billion could be cancelled immediately this way, as millions of borrowers have debt that's been around for at least 20 years.

This is why you could benefit from professional help from a group like ours. We'll answer two crucial questions to know if you'll benefit from the IDR Waiver if you have FFEL loans:

1. Will you receive immediate cancellation?
2. If not, how much credit will you receive under the IDR Waiver, and will IDR forgiveness be the right plan for you once the account adjustment occurs?

Other loan repayment options for FFEL loans

Don't qualify for FFELP loan forgiveness? Or perhaps you don’t want to carry student loan debt for 20 to 25 years? There are other options for repaying your FFEL loans.

All repayment programs are unique and have pros and cons to consider. Take the time to become familiar with your options before making a decision so you end up with the repayment plan that is right for you.

Lower student loan payments through the Extended Repayment Plan

One way to reduce student loan payments on FFELP loans is by applying for the Extended Repayment Plan. Loan payments in the Extended Repayment Plan are spread out over 25 years. You also can choose between two types of payments: fixed or graduated monthly payments:

• Extended Fixed monthly payments would stay the same amount for the life of your loan.
• Extended Graduated monthly payments would start lower, but the amount would increase every two years for the life of the loan.

Payments would be much lower than your standard 10-year federal student loan. For example, let's say you're an Arizona resident who graduated from a four-year for-profit private school with $34,722 in student loan debt at 3.900% interest. With the 10-Year Standard Repayment Plan, your monthly payments would be $350.

If you chose the Extended Fixed repayment plan, your monthly payments would stay at $181 for the entire 300 months. And if you went with the Extended Graduated plan, your payments would start out at $113 monthly but reach $328 by your last monthly payment.

Apply for the Graduated Repayment Plan

Don’t like the idea of spreading out your FFEL loan payments over 25 years? The Graduated Repayment Plan allows you to lower your monthly payments initially, and then they increase every two years for 10 years (except with consolidation loans).

The idea is that your salary will potentially increase as you work longer. The Graduated Repayment Plan is structured with that in mind, assuming you will be able to afford higher student loan monthly payments as you get further into your career.

Income-sensitive repayment (ISR)

Another repayment option for people with FFELP loans is the Income-Sensitive Repayment Plan. This plan is not as well known as some other repayment options. That's because it's only available to people with FFEL loans. With this plan, your monthly payments increase and decrease based on your annual income.

This plan lasts for a maximum of 10 years. So if you choose lower monthly payments early on, your payments could be extremely high toward the end. ISR monthly payments must at least cover the interest that accrues on your loan every month. You’ll need to reapply annually with your current gross monthly income so payments can be calculated correctly.

Loan consolidation

If you have more than one FFELP loan, you could save money by consolidating your student loans. When you consolidate your loans, you end up with one loan payment and one interest rate. Tracking one payment is much easier than multiple student loan payments.

Consolidating your loans doesn’t automatically save you money, though. When you consolidate FFEL loans, your new interest rate is the weighted average of your previous loans’ rates. Any savings would be dependent on what interest rates you had on your loans originally.

If you consolidate your loans to a Direct Consolidation Loan, you have the option to also apply for one of the IDR plans mentioned earlier. Switching to a Direct Consolidation Loan and pairing that with an IDR plan will significantly lower your monthly loan payments.

When to refinance your FFEL loans

Are you looking to lower your student loan payments and pay off debt faster? Consider refinancing your FFEL loans if you can not benefit from other forgiveness options. Double-check to make sure forgiveness is not possible for you before doing this since most FFEL borrowers will be able to save a significant sum of money by not refinancing and seeking federal relief options instead.

When refinancing student loans, your repayment term and interest rate depends on your credit history, current salary, and debt-to-income ratio. But if you have good to excellent credit, you could qualify for a lower interest rate and potentially save thousands of dollars.

One caveat to refinancing student loans is that your federal FFEL loans will become private student loans. Because of this, you will lose several protections built in by the federal government. Those protections include:

• Loan deferment
• Loan forbearance periods
• Access to IDR programs
• Access to the IDR waiver

Borrowers with poor credit may likely need a cosigner with excellent credit in order to qualify for student loan refinancing. But be aware that cosigners are on the hook financially if you default on your student loans. Be sure you can make your payments on time so you don’t cause them any financial harm.

Remember, DO NOT refinance if you could qualify for the limited time IDR waiver mentioned above.

Get help with choosing the right repayment strategy for your FFELP loans

Wondering whether refinancing is right for you? Take our refinancing quiz to find out. Through our refinancing quiz, you’ll learn what plans and lenders are the right fit for you.

Just because your FFEL loans are an older program that's no longer available doesn’t mean you aren’t still dealing with the challenges of paying off student loan debt.

Consider speaking to a Student Loan Planner® consultant to learn about your FFELP options and put together a student loan forgiveness plan. It’s our goal to help you move past your student loan debt as quickly and efficiently as possible. It’s one of the most important financial decisions you'll make, so let us help you make the best choice.

Do you have FFELP loans? What has been your experience with them?